Hydraulics Testing

Fluid power systems play a critical role in many industries, and are one of the three major forms of power transmission along with electrical and mechanical power systems. In many cases, however, mechanical and electrical methods cannot provide a practical power transmission solution. In these cases, fluid power (whether hydraulic or pneumatic) is often used because it can deliver linear and rotary motion with high force and torque within a smaller, lighter package than is possible with other forms of power transmission. Some of the most common applications of hydraulic systems are in heavy construction and off-highway equipment. Other applications can be seen in aircraft, mass transportation systems (such as trains), construction, mining, agriculture, waste reduction, and utility equipment. The various components (such as valves, actuators, cylinders, accumulators, etc.) that make up these systems must perform reliably and have a reasonable life span. Only a thorough test program carried out under simulated field use conditions can insure that any component part or assembly will meet its original design goals for performance, reliability and longevity. Many internationally recognized organizations have published test standards that apply to hydraulic/pneumatic and fluid power systems and components. Some of these organizations are:

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA)
• Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

Testing for hydraulic equipment is usually performed with the help of complex test systems or Test Stands. The test stand acts as a fluid supply source and can be adjusted to supply the required fluid at the flows, pressures, and temperatures necessary for the test. Testing may also be accomplished inside a temperature test chamber in order to control the ambient temperature surrounding the test article. In some cases, multiple environments can be combined such as temperature, humidity, pressure (altitude), and icing. Test durations may run into hundreds or even thousands of hours depending on the requirements for the unit under test (UUT). During the entire test period, test system integrity and safety must be maintained while collecting all of the necessary data necessary to validate the test results.

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